Health-Promoting Lifestyle Outcomes of the Golden STEPS Program among Senior Citizens: A Quasi-Experimental Pre-Post Evaluation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65166/s665yj18Keywords:
active ageing, barangay-based health promotion, community-based intervention, Golden STEPS Program, health-promoting lifestyle, senior citizensAbstract
Population ageing requires community-based interventions that support functional ability, self-management, and health-promoting behaviors among older adults. This study evaluated changes in health-promoting lifestyle outcomes among senior citizens who participated in the Golden STEPS Program, a barangay-based holistic wellness initiative in Calamba City. A quasi-experimental single-group pretest-posttest design was employed among 32 barangay senior citizen presidents who completed both assessments after uniform program exposure. Health-promoting lifestyle practices were measured using a 12-item short-form HPLP-II-based instrument covering physical activity, nutrition, stress management, and spiritual growth, while health-related knowledge was assessed using a 10-item researcher-developed questionnaire aligned with the program modules. Descriptive statistics, paired-samples t-tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, Cohen’s dz, and Cronbach’s alpha were used for analysis. Results showed a significant improvement in overall health-promoting lifestyle scores from pretest to posttest, with the strongest gains observed in physical activity and nutrition, followed by a smaller but significant improvement in stress management. Spiritual growth showed no significant change, likely reflecting high baseline engagement. Knowledge scores were already high at baseline and did not significantly increase, suggesting a ceiling effect. The findings indicate that Golden STEPS was associated with improved daily lifestyle practices among senior citizen leaders, although the absence of a comparison group limits causal inference.
Downloads
References
Asadi, R., Nazari, M., Asadollahi, A., & Mobasheri, N. (2025). Educational intervention for mental health and health behaviors in elderly Iranian women randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports, 15, Article 35332. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19417-5
Atento, R. G., Quinto, L., Espelita, C. A. M., & Castaneda, C. (2025). Integrating business and health analytics: A conceptual framework for dual outcomes in healthcare. International Journal of Health & Business Analytics, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.65166/04pdc866
Atento, R. G. O., Quinto, L. F., & Espelita, C. A. M. H. (2025). Bridging global health workforce gaps 2050: A multilevel analysis of global demand, Philippine supply fragilities, and competency alignment. International Journal of Health and Business Analytics, 1(2), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.65166/kgbpey79
Bernard, E., Brewer, N., Prorok, J. C., Kim, P., & Muscedere, J. (2025). Community-based physical activity and nutrition interventions in low-income and/or rural older adults: A scoping review. The Journal of Frailty & Aging, 14(2), Article 100034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjfa.2025.100034
Chia, F., Huang, W.-Y., Huang, H., & Wu, C.-E. (2023). Promoting healthy behaviors in older adults to optimize health-promoting lifestyle: An intervention study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), Article 1628. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021628
Crocker, T. F., Ensor, J., Lam, N., Jordão, M., Bajpai, R., Bond, M., Forster, A., Riley, R. D., Andre, D., Brundle, C., Ellwood, A., Green, J., Hale, M., Mirza, L., Morgan, J., Patel, I., Patetsini, E., Prescott, M., Ramiz, R., ... Clegg, A. (2024). Community based complex interventions to sustain independence in older people: Systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ, 384, e077764. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-077764
Du, M., Kong, H., Ran, L., Ran, Y., Bai, L., Du, Y., Guan, H., Dong, Y., & Zhao, Y. (2022). Associations among health-promoting lifestyle, self-care agency and health-related quality of life in Bai older adults with hypertension in Yunnan China. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1), Article 942. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03608-0
Espelita, C. A. M., Atento, R. G., Rao, L. J., & Tian, Y. (2025). Understanding monetary policy: Student awareness, perceptions, and financial behaviors in the Philippine context. International Journal of Health & Business Analytics, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.65166/f7eayj47
Frimpong, S. O., Arthur-Holmes, F., & Agyemang-Duah, W. (2022). Financial vulnerability, health outcomes, and well-being of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Global Health, 12, Article 03021. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.12.03021
Huang, W.-Y., Huang, H., & Wu, C.-E. (2022). Physical activity and social support to promote a health-promoting lifestyle in older adults: An intervention study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(21), Article 14382. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114382
Rathnayake, N., Alwis, G., Lenora, J., & Lekamwasam, S. (2020). Applicability of health promoting lifestyle profile-II for postmenopausal women in Sri Lanka: A validation study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 18, Article 122. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-020-01371-7
Temporada, K., Quinto, L., Tarraya, D. A., Sison, F. C., Marfil, J. F., Ramirez, C., & Ng, W. J. (2025). Awareness and preventive practices on leptospirosis in flood-prone communities of Marikina City, Philippines. International Journal of Health & Business Analytics, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.65166/x71zvx65
Walker, S. N., Sechrist, K. R., & Pender, N. J. (1987). The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile: Development and psychometric characteristics. Nursing Research, 36(2), 76-81.
World Health Organization. (2020). Decade of healthy ageing: Plan of action. World Health Organization.
Zambrano Bermeo, R. N., Estrada Gonzalez, C., Herrera Guerra, E. D. P., & Aviles Gonzalez, C. I. (2024). Reliability and validity of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II Spanish version in university students. Healthcare, 12(13), Article 1330. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12131330
Zheng, X., Yu, H., Qiu, X., Chair, S. Y., Wong, E. M.-L., & Wang, Q. (2022). The association between health-promoting lifestyles and socioeconomic, family relationships, social support, health-related quality of life among older adults in China: A cross sectional study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 20, Article 64. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-022-01968-0
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Micah Joy B. Catipon, Dr. Maku Catipon (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright of their articles but grant the International Journal of Health & Business Analytics (IJHBA) the right of first publication.
