Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Periplaneta americana in Selected Sites in Manila
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https://doi.org/10.65166/92589942关键词:
Periplaneta americana, antimicrobial resistance, Gram-negative bacteria, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, cockroach-associated bacteria, environmental health摘要
Cockroaches may serve as mechanical carriers of medically important microorganisms, including antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, particularly in densely populated urban environments. This study examined the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the external surfaces and foreguts of Periplaneta americana collected from selected sites along Recto Avenue, Manila. A total of 100 cockroaches were obtained from ten sampling locations, with ten specimens collected per site. External-surface washings and foregut homogenates were prepared and cultured, while bacterial identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) activity were performed using the VITEK 2 system. Twenty pooled homogenate samples yielded 27 bacterial isolates representing six medically important Gram-negative species. Members of the family Enterobacteriaceae accounted for 85.19% of the isolates, with Klebsiella pneumoniae predominating on external surfaces and Escherichia coli predominating in foregut samples. Antimicrobial resistance was observed among isolates of K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, E. coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii complex. One K. pneumoniae isolate demonstrated ESBL activity, while no resistance to the tested carbapenems and aminoglycosides was detected. The findings indicate that P. americana in urban environments may harbor antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and may therefore represent a potential environmental reservoir of organisms relevant to public health. The results reinforce the importance of sanitation, pest control, and environmental surveillance in densely populated urban settings.
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